Espresso is a strong, concentrated coffee served in small, strong shots. Espresso can also be used as a base for many coffee drinks. Espresso is made from the same beans as coffee, but is stronger, bolder, and higher in caffeine. However, because espresso is typically served in smaller shots than coffee, it has less caffeine per shot.
What Is Espresso?
Espresso (ess-PRESS-oh) is a strong, full-flavored form of coffee served in a shot. Espresso is made by forcing hot, pressurized water through very finely ground coffee beans using an espresso machine. The result is a stronger liquid than coffee with “crema,” a brown foam that forms when air bubbles combine with the soluble oils of the finely ground coffee and sits atop a properly drawn espresso. The crema adds richness and aftertaste to the espresso.
Espresso is made using the exact same plant as coffee and is grown, processed, and roasted in the same way. Any type of coffee and any roasting method can be used to make espresso. The difference between coffee and espresso lies in the grinding and treatment of the beans. Coffee beans are ground to a finer consistency than coffee and firmly packed before hot water is poured in using an espresso machine. This produces a shot of espresso, which can be enjoyed as is or used to make a variety of espresso-based coffee drinks, including cappuccinos and Americanos.
Espresso has all the same coffee flavors but amplified—bitter, slightly sweet, acidic, and roasty. The exact flavor profile will vary depending on the roast. Its texture is thicker and creamier than coffee.
Espresso is especially popular in its native Italy, where it is often served fresh from the machine, without added sugar or milk. Espresso shots are served in specially made espresso cups, called demitasse cups. The one-ounce shots are a quick and intense pick-me-up. Espresso can also be served as a double shot. Some coffee shops only serve double shots, or doppio, to help maintain consistent quality. Espresso can also be made lungo, or “long,” using the same amount of coffee but with twice the amount of water. Espresso can be drunk throughout the day, but is especially popular in the morning and after meals.
